Who is sharif husayn

Tujuan dari pemberontakan ini adalah mendirikan negara Arab bersatu yang terbentang dari Alepo di Suriah sampai Aden di Yaman dimana Inggris sudah berjanji untuk mengakuinya. Dua hari setelah pembubaran Kekhalifahan Ustmaniyah di Turki, Syarif Husain bin Ali mendeklarasikan dirinya sebagai Khalifah yang baru, tetapi hal itu tidak berlangsung lama, setelah Ibnu Saud menyerang dan mengalahkannya pada , sehingga Syarif Husain harus turun tahta Hijaz , menyerahkan kekuasaan pada putranya Ali dari Hejaz serta lari ke Amman, Yordania dimana putranya menjadi Emir disana.

Di Amman, Hussein masih memanggil dirinya khalifah dan berperilaku seperti raja, hal ini membuat Abdullah tidak senang dan mengusirnya ke Aqaba, akhirnya Syarif Husain diasingkan ke Siprus dan tinggal bersama putranya Zaid. Pada Syarif mengalami cacat karena terserang stroke pada usia 79 tahun.

Baik Ali dari Hejaz maupun Ibnu Saud tidak tertarik dengan gelar kalifah yang disandang sebelumnya oleh Syarif Husain. Syarif Husain meninggal di Amman, Yordania pada tahun Keturunan dari Syarif Husain masih memegang kekuasaan di Yordania sampai sekarang, Irak pada masa kerajaan sampai terbunuhnya Faisal II dari Irak dan Pangeran Mahkota Abdul-ilah bin Ali di tangan kaum republikan yang mendirikan Republik Irak dan memegang gelar pangeran saja serta aktif di PBB keturunan Zaid bin.

At the end of his reign he also briefly laid claim to the office of Caliph. He was a 37th-generation direct descendant of Muhammad, as he belongs to the Hashemite family. A member of the Awn clan of the Qatadid emirs of Mecca, he was perceived to have rebellious inclinations and in was summoned to Constantinople, where he was kept on the Council of State.

In , with the promise of British support for Arab independence, he proclaimed the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire, accusing the Committee of Union and Progress of violating tenets of Islam and limiting the power of the sultan-caliph. Shortly after the outbreak of the revolt, Hussein declared himself 'King of the Arab Countries'.

However, his pan-Arab aspirations were not accepted by the Allies, who recognised him only as King of the Hejaz. He later refused to sign the Anglo-Hashemite Treaty and thus deprived himself of British support when his kingdom was invaded by Ibn Saud.

In October , facing defeat by Ibn Saud, he abdicated and was succeeded as king by his eldest son Ali. His sons Faisal and Abdullah were made rulers of Iraq and Transjordan respectively in Omdat Hoessein een lijnrechte afstammeling was van de profeet Mohammed droeg hij de titel sjarief.

Zijn familie was volgens de traditie de 'bewaker' van de heilige plaatsen Mekka en Medina. Hussein was to tell his son Feisal, "a British promise is like gold.

No matter how hard you rub it, it still shines". Lawrence wrote of Hussein in , "once his mind is made up it would be a thankless task to try to make him change it". A friendship was born which was to have radical consequences. Together the two of them commanded an army, carrying out a guerilla campaign against the Turkish troops in the Hejaz which culminated in the successful attack on the Ottoman fort of Aqaba, which opened up supply lines.

Unfortunately Britain's promises were not genuine. They ploughed millions into the Revolt, but were unable to deliver a united Arab nation at the Paris Peace Conference in Hussein refused to recognize the Paris settlements. Lawrence later described him as "a tragic figure, in his way: brave, obstinate, hopelessly out of date: exasperating".

It proved to be his undoing. In refusing to ratify the Anglo-Hashemite Treaty he deprived himself of British support when his kingdom was invaded by the neighboring Arab leader, the Wahhabi Ibn Saud. Serving his exile in Cyprus Hussein suffered a stroke in and only then was he allowed to return to Amman to end his days near his sons.

Born into a noble house, Hussein was outmaneuvered by others and overshadowed by global events.