A healthcare professional has diagnosed your child with specific illnesses or conditions. You or your child have had a life-threatening allergic reaction or have a severe allergy. You or your child have had a previous reaction to similar vaccines or a healthcare professional has diagnosed you or your child with specific illnesses or conditions.
A combination vaccine contains 2 or more vaccines in a single shot in order to decrease the number of shots given. The Food and Drug Administration licensed 12 combination vaccines for use in the United States to help protect against diphtheria and tetanus.
Nine of these vaccines also help protect against whooping cough. Some of the vaccines include protection against other diseases as well, including polio, Haemophilus influenzae type b disease, and hepatitis B. Upper-case letters in these abbreviations mean the vaccine has full-strength doses of that part of the vaccine. Vaccines that help protect against diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough differ in how well they work against each disease. The diphtheria and tetanus toxoid components of these vaccines work well for people who receive the primary series.
The primary series is three doses for people 7 years or older and four doses for children younger than 7. The vaccines protect:. In studies showing how well the whooping cough component works for children who get all five doses, DTaP fully protects:. In studies showing how well the whooping cough component works when women get Tdap during pregnancy, the vaccine protects:. In general, diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough vaccines work well, but cannot prevent all cases of these serious diseases.
Below is information about how well each of the vaccines work against each disease. Diphtheria was once a major cause of illness and death among children. The United States recorded , cases of diphtheria in , resulting in 15, deaths. Starting in the s, diphtheria rates dropped quickly in the United States and other countries that began widely vaccinating.
However, the disease continues to play a role globally. In , countries reported more than 16, cases to the World Health Organization, but many more cases likely go unreported. Studies estimate that diphtheria toxoid-containing vaccines protect nearly all people 95 in for approximately 10 years. Protection decreases over time, so adults need to get a Td or Tdap booster shot every 10 years to stay protected.
The United States introduced the first tetanus-toxoid containing vaccine into the routine childhood immunization schedule in the late s. At that time, states reported between and cases each year. Tetanus infections steadily declined after the vaccination recommendation. Today, tetanus is uncommon in the United States, with an average of 30 reported cases each year. Studies estimate that tetanus toxoid-containing vaccines protect essentially all people for approximately 10 years.
Whooping cough vaccines became widely available in the s. Before then, about , children got sick and about 9, died from whooping cough each year in the United States. After vaccine introduction, whooping cough cases reached an all-time low in the s. Since then, there has been a slow but steady increase in reported whooping cough cases. Tdap vaccine. Tdap is only for children 7 years and older, adolescents, and adults. Adults who have never received Tdap should get a dose of Tdap.
Tdap may be given at the same time as other vaccines. Talk with your health care provider. Your health care provider can give you more information. Risks of a vaccine reaction. Pain, redness, or swelling where the shot was given, mild fever, headache, feeling tired, and nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or stomachache sometimes happen after Tdap vaccination. What if there is a serious problem? For other signs that concern you, call your health care provider. How can I learn more?
Ask your health care provider. Call your local or state health department. Visit the website of the Food and Drug Administration FDA external icon for vaccine package inserts and additional information.
Office Use Only. Related Link. The CDC recommends that Tdap be given between 27 and 36 weeks in every pregnancy. Even if a pregnant person has had a Tdap vaccine in the past 10 years, it should be given again. Pertussis whooping cough can be very severe in newborns. Giving Tdap in pregnancy provides the newborn with some protection. Both DTaP and Tdap contain vaccines against tetanus, diphtheria, and whooping cough, which is also called pertussis.
The vaccine names come from the first letter of each disease it protects against. When an upper-case letter is used, the vaccine for that disease is full strength.
Lower-case letters mean it contains a lower dose of the vaccine. DTaP contains full doses of diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough vaccines. Tdap contains a full dose of the tetanus vaccine and a lower dose of diphtheria and whooping cough vaccines. This means broken down parts of the bacterium Bordetella pertussis that causes whooping cough is used to make the vaccine.
In the past, the whole bacterium was used in the vaccine, but it tended to cause more side effects. For babies and children under age 7, DTaP is used. This provides better protection early on. Some DTaP vaccines also protect against other diseases. For adults who need protection against tetanus, diphtheria, and whooping cough, Tdap is used. Even an adult who has never had a tetanus, diphtheria, or whooping cough vaccine gets Tdap.
The more people who are vaccinated, the fewer cases there are of these diseases. Only people who have an allergy to the vaccine or any of its ingredients should avoid these vaccines.
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